Must promote the development of the northeast corn industry economy

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Corn production is an important raw material industry in China. From the perspective of the whole industry chain logic, corn has the same raw material economic attributes as ore and crude oil. It is a basic position in economic and social development. A good development is a “booster”. If it is not developed well, it may become a “brake”. It may become a "tightening spell." The economic attribute of corn as a raw material is due to its carbon four crop properties, strong photosynthesis, high biological yield and large amount of implants. On the other hand, due to its versatility from grain to straw, the processing chain is long and processed. There are many types of products and a large number of processing.

Must promote the development of the northeast corn industry economy

The economic attributes of raw materials in China's corn industry are embodied in the following aspects: First, grain corn is the main energy feed. The corn grain has less crude fiber and good palatability. The "digestible energy" of the unit dry matter in the pig stomach is 1.24 times that of rice, 1.03 times of wheat, 1.17 times of barley, 1.23 times of oats, and 1.16 times of buckwheat. The high content of grain feed ingredients is China's main energy feed. With more than 130 million tons of grain corn, about 200 million tons of industrial feed was produced, supporting the development of huge animal husbandry. Second, silage corn is a grass animal feed. The whole plant is harvested, chopped and fermented at the heading stage, and some proteins are decomposed into amides and amino acids. The nitrogen-free extract is decomposed into lactic acid, and the crude fiber becomes soft and is a feed for herbivores. According to the Ministry of Agriculture's Animal Husbandry Division, the effective energy and effective protein provided by the whole plant silage corn to cattle and sheep can be increased by 40%, the amount of soybean meal used to produce 1 ton of milk can be reduced by 15 kg, the concentrate can be reduced by 25%, and 1 ton can be produced. The amount of soybean meal in mutton is reduced by 210 kg and the concentrate is reduced by 40%. Third, processing corn is an important biochemical raw material. The corn starch content is about 70%, the fat is about 4%, and the crude protein is about 10%. At present, there are more than 500 kinds of deep-processed products, which are long-term varieties of deep processing industry in cereal products. According to preliminary estimates, about 30% of the more than 58 million tons of industrial deep-processed corn in China is used to produce starch, about 30% is used to produce alcohol, about 20% is used to produce starch sugar, 10% is used to produce MSG, and 10% is used. To produce lysine and citric acid, corn starch production and alcohol production account for about 60% of the total starch and fermented alcohol production in the country. Corn MSG production accounts for more than 95% of total MSG production. For China's food, chemical, textile, paper, The development of fermentation, medicine and other industries has played an important supporting role. Fourth, corn stalks and core deep processing have great potential. Corn stalks can be used to produce yellow stocks or directly fed grasses. They can be used as organic fertilizers for the production of lignin, household paper, ethanol, xylose, xylitol and other fermentation and chemical products. Corn cob can be used to produce cardboard, cement board, cement brick, can be used as glue or paste filler, can make packaging materials, gunpowder, rubber additives, can be used as feed premix, can replace sub-powder as water-fermented fermentation material Etc., the development is very versatile. Fifth, eating corn is an important food development direction. Corn has the effect of stimulating gastrointestinal motility, enhancing the body's metabolism, regulating the nervous system, lowering blood fat, lowering cholesterol, etc. It is a health care product in coarse grains. Especially in recent years, with the improvement of residents' living standards, the demand for fresh corn, corn juice, corn flakes, and puffed corn has increased significantly, and the potential for corn food development is growing.

The corn industry is an important industry in the Northeast

The Jilin corn economy is typically representative in the Northeast. Taking Jilin as an example, the corn economy in the main producing areas is not only responsible for the important economic functions of the national economy and social development, but also an important industry for local economic and social development. What is more important is that there is no crop that can replace corn. At present, the importance of the corn industry in the main producing areas is embodied in: The income from corn production and operation is an important source of income for farmers. The main segments of the corn production and management in the main producing areas are farmers, and the land rent is also the income of farmers. According to a typical survey conducted by the investigation team in Gongzhuling City, the average price of corn sold by farmers in 2016 was about 0.65 yuan per kilogram (14% water), and the agricultural product transportation, labor service, agricultural machinery service and food trafficking associated with the production and operation of each acre of corn. The total income of the other links is about 1,200 yuan, the land rent is 400 yuan per mu, and the land transfer rate is nearly 50%. The total production and operation income of the city's 4.3 million mu of corn is about 6.5 billion yuan, plus more than 800 million yuan of corn producer subsidies. The city's total income of farmers in 2015 was more than 80% of the 8.6 billion yuan. In recent years, the planting area of ​​maize in Jilin Province is about 55 million mu, the output is about 56 billion kilograms, and the land turnover rate is about 30%. According to the data of Gongzhuling, the province's corn production and operation income accounts for 50% of the total income of farmers in 2015. the above. Second, the corn processing industry is an important part of the secondary industry. According to preliminary estimates, Jilin's annual corn processing and transformation capacity is more than 12 million tons, accounting for 16% of the country; in 2016, Jilin's feed production is close to 10 million tons, alcohol production is 1.5 million tons, starch production is about 6 million tons, and amino acid production is nearly 2 million. Tons, without calculating the output value of deep processing by-products, the annual output value of feed, starch, amino acid and alcohol is about 60 billion yuan, accounting for about 10% of the total industrial production value of the province in 2015. Third, the corn production service industry also has a considerable position in the tertiary industry. According to the typical survey data of Gongzhuling, the income from production services such as corn labor and trafficking in Jilin Province is about 25.6 billion yuan, accounting for nearly 5% of the province's tertiary industry's total production value of 546.1 billion yuan in 2015.