The mine's concentrate dehydration is widely used vacuum filter. At present, domestic vacuum filters are mainly made of filter cloth as the filter medium, and there are common disadvantages such as large gas consumption, high energy consumption, low vacuum, high water content of the filter cake, low yield, easy abrasion of the filter cloth, and large maintenance workload. . In 1994, a domestic new mine introduced a new type of vacuum filter-ceramic vacuum filter, which was applied to the dehydration of zinc concentrate. Due to its high efficiency and low energy consumption, this machine is very popular. However, due to the high cost of equipment and the high price of spare parts, many mines can only hope to sigh. In view of this situation, Jiangsu Yixing Non-metallic Chemical Machinery Factory based on domestic technology has developed a HTG ceramic vacuum filter using a ceramic material as a filter medium (ceramic filter plate). The mechanism is similar to the working principle of the disc vacuum filter. That is, under the effect of pressure difference, when the suspension passes through the filter medium, the particles are trapped on the surface of the medium to form a filter cake, and the liquid flows out through the filter medium and reaches a solid state. The purpose of liquid separation. The difference lies in that the ceramic filter plate has micropores that produce a capillary effect, so that the capillary force in the micropores is greater than the force exerted by the vacuum. Development of the HTG ceramic vacuum filter The composition of the ceramic vacuum filter is similar to that of the disc vacuum filter. It is mainly composed of a rotor, an agitator, a scraper assembly, a slurry tank, a distributor, a ceramic filter plate, and a waterway. System, cleaning equipment and automation system. Slurry tank is welded by stainless steel plate, and it plays the role of loading slurry. The agitator stirs the mixed slurry in the slurry tank to avoid sedimentation of the slurry. The ceramic filter plate is installed on the rotor and the rotor is supported by two bearing blocks. Driven by a speed reducer, rotating at a speed of 0.5-2 revolutions per minute, the slurry is adsorbed on a ceramic filter plate under the action of a vacuum, the filter cake is scraped by a scraper, taken away by a conveyor, and the filtrate passes through a distributor to reach a vacuum The barrel and the ceramic filter plate are backwashed by the filter pump through the water system. The filter pump must be installed under the vacuum bucket at more than 3m so that the filtrate can be extracted from the vacuum barrel. The ceramic vacuum filter is equipped with a computer monitoring system. The system adopts a PC bus modular industrial control machine and is equipped with various transmitters, frequency converters, multiple pneumatic valves, and liquid level instruments. When starting the machine, the slurry valve is monitored by the material level meter to control the material level of the slurry. The vacuum container filtrate is detected by the liquid level meter. When the fluid level is high, the industrial control computer quickly opens the bypass valve at the outlet of the filter pump and drains quickly. The water system and air system pressure are monitored by various pressure transmitters. The speed of the main shaft reducer and the speed of the stirrer reducer are all regulated by the frequency converter to achieve infinitely variable speed. Development of Ceramic Filter Plates The ceramic filter plates used in the ceramic vacuum filter are ceramic filter plates. No filter cloth is required. When the mud is scraped, a gap of 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm is left between the blade and the ceramic to prevent mechanical wear and prolong service life. As a ceramic filter plate must meet three conditions: First, the micropore pore size is not greater than 2μm; Second, the ceramic material must have hydrophilic; Third, the material must have sufficient strength. At present, we use a hydrophilic alumina ceramic material with a porosity of about 35%. Therefore, during the filtration process, surface tension occurs between the water and the hydrophilic ceramic, which causes capillary pores. The pores are always filled with liquid. When a vacuum is drawn, the filtrate passes through the pores, but the air cannot pass through. A 45m2 ceramic vacuum filter produced by Jiangsu Yixing Non-metallic Chemical Machinery Plant only needs a 2.2kW vacuum pump, but the vacuum degree reaches -0.095--0.098MPa. The pore size of the general vacuum filter is larger than 12μm, while the micropores of the ceramic filter plate is smaller than 2μm, so the recovery rate of the precious metal is high, and the filtrate is clear and does not require water treatment. The ceramic filter plate has a fan-shaped appearance and is made of alumina and other materials through mud, molding, drying, firing, and processing. The internal structure of the first generation of products for the hollow ball and the second generation of the product gradient. The latter cost is slightly higher, but the filtration resistance is small and the strength is high. During the working process of ceramic filter plates, micro-particles tend to clog the ceramic micro-holes and affect the production efficiency. In the design process, we use each cycle of anti-cleaning method, that is, through the distributor from the ceramic filter plate backwash liquid to the surface of the filter plate, to clean the micro-holes. Backwash is generally set in the rear zone of the unloading area, and the set angle is the same as that of the ceramic filter plate. This ensures that each ceramic plate is cleaned once during each cycle. After working for a certain period of time, we have adopted ultrasonic cleaning or chemical cleaning. At present, we use the most advanced ultrasonic cleaning for ultrasonic cleaning to achieve more thorough cleaning of the filter plate, and the filter always maintains high efficiency. HTG-type ceramic vacuum filter application HTG-type ceramic filter in Gansu Province Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Concentrator, Jiangxi Copper Company Yongping Copper Mine, Anhui Tongling Nonferrous Metals Corporation Tongguanshan Copper Mine, Yunnan Dongchuan Mine Bureau, Liaoning Hongtongshan Copper Mine and other units have been applied. Has now entered the international market. In addition, due to the reduction of concentrate water by 3%, the transportation cost is reduced by RMB 160,000 per year, the transportation consumption is reduced by 2.5%, more than 4,000 tons of sulphur concentrate is recycled in the whole year, the value is RMB 300,000, and the environmental pollution is reduced, and the environmental protection fee can be reduced by RMB 300,000. yuan. The production capacity of a ceramic filter is equivalent to three imported filter presses or three folding filter vacuum filters. Although the HTG ceramic filter has a large investment in equipment, it has high efficiency. Its biggest advantage is its large output, low moisture content, and energy saving of more than 80%. It is mainly used in non-ferrous metal ores such as lead, zinc, copper, molybdenum, and sulfur. Mineral dehydration. The development of domestic ceramic vacuum filter With the development of energy, environmental protection, chemical industry, the application of ceramic filter is gradually expanding, and the requirements for ceramic filter are also increasing. Ceramic filter is not only used for the dewatering of concentrates in non-ferrous mines, but also can be applied to liquid-solid separation of titanium dioxide, impurity removal in chemical processes, dewatering of clean coal, and sewage treatment in environmental protection industries. & Nbsp;  2 Research and development of super-large ceramic filters, vertical ceramic filters and pressurized ceramic filters are currently underway. 3, ceramic filter plate is a key component of the ceramic filter, ceramic filter plate material changes, changes in pore size and strength, directly affect the filtration effect, with the nano-materials and other high-tech materials research and development and application, will be excellent Ceramic filter plates serve the community. 4. Improve the appearance quality and production accuracy of domestic ceramic filter. The domestically produced HTG ceramic vacuum filter can completely replace the imported ceramic filter. If thousands of mines across the country can promote the use of domestic ceramic vacuum filters, the annual energy saving benefit will reach several tens of billions, and the loss of noble metals and environmental protection costs will be reduced. Water resources can be fully utilized and can save a lot of foreign exchange.
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